Menopause is the natural, permanent cessation of menstruation, typically occurring between ages 45 and 55 (average age 51-52) as ovaries stop producing estrogen. It is diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without a period. Common symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, mood changes, irritability, anxiety, vaginal dryness and discomfort. It often lasts for several years during the transitional "perimenopause" stage.
Stages of
Menopause
Perimenopause:
The transitional years before menstruation stops, characterized by irregular
periods and hormonal fluctuations.
Menopause:
The point in time 12 months after the last menstrual period.
Postmenopause:
The years following menopause, where symptoms may continue but risk for certain
health issues increases.
Long-Term
Health Effects
Weight gain,
particularly around the waist.
Osteoporosis:
Decreased bone density leading to fragile, brittle bones.
Heart
Disease: Increased risk of cardiovascular issues.
Urinary
Incontinence: Bladder issues.
Sleep
disturbances and "Brain
fog" (memory issues, trouble focusing).
Management
and Treatment
Hormone
Therapy: Replacing missing hormones to relieve symptoms.
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